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Description
Pushing the button once will energize the relay. Pushing the same button a second time will de-energize the relay. Any simple momentary action push-to-make switch will do.
Notes
I've drawn the circuit with a single pole relay. But you can use a multi-pole relay if it suits your application. The circuit will work at anything from 5 to 15-volts. All you need do is select a relay with a coil voltage that suits your supply.
The LED provides a visual indication that the relay is energized. In effect - it tells you whether the switch is on or off. It's not necessary to the operation of the circuit. If you wish you may leave out both R1 and the LED.
Do not use the "on-board" relay to switch mains voltage. The board's layout does not offer sufficient isolation between the relay contacts and the low-voltage components. If you want to switch mains voltage - mount a suitably rated relay somewhere safe - Away From The Board.
This Toggle Switch uses the popular Johnson Decade counter IC CD4017. By giving positive pulses to its clock input, the ten outputs of the IC becomes high one by one provided the reset pin is grounded. By connecting the reset pin to any of the output, IC latches and the output remains high irrespective of the clock pulses. This toggle action can be exploited in various relay driver circuits.
In the circuit IC CD 4017 is used in the Toggle mode. Its clock inhibit pin is grounded so that IC can run freely. But the reset pin is shorted with the Q3 output (Pin 7) so that IC will toggle between Q1 and Q2 outputs. When the clock input pin 14 receives a positive pulse, first output Q1 goes high as indicated by the Red LED. This is the OFF Mode.
By another pulse, the second output Q3 becomes high and Q1 turns off. This is the ON Mode. When the Q2 output becomes high ,T1 conducts and relay turns on. Relay can be switched off by another pulse in the clock input. Positive pulses can be given through astable or monostable circuits.
This circuit takes a non-locking press button switch and uses the ubiquitous 555 timer to converts the switch action to a toggle switch.
Not:
This simple circuit, built with a 555 and a few passive components, will energize and de-energize a relay at the push of a button. Any type of momentary action push-to-make switch can be used. Pushing the button once will energize the relay. And pushing it again will de-energize the relay.
Due to the low current drawing, the circuit can be supplied from 230Vac mains without a transformer. Supply voltage is reduced to 12Vdc by means of C1 reactance, a two diode rectifier cell D1 & D2 and Zener diode D3. IC1A, IC1B, R2, R3 and C3 form a reliable bounce-free toggle switch operated by P1. R4 and C4, wired to pin #6 of IC1B reset the circuit (lamp off) when power supply is applied. IC1C and IC1D wired in parallel act as a buffer, driving the Gate of the Triac through R5.
The circuit can be wired permanently to the mains supply as current drain is negligible.
Due to transformerless design there is no heat generation.
Low Gate-current Triacs are recommended.
Obviously, other appliances can be powered in place of a lamp, provided their power dissipation does not exceed about 400W at 230V
110-120Vac operation is easily obtained by simply changing C1 value to 680nF 250V. No further changes are necessary.
In some cases, e.g. when the controlled device is far from the toggle switch, a pilot LED could be necessary for monitoring purposes. If so, disconnect pin #10 of IC1C from pin #11 of IC1D and wire a LED and its 1K series current limiting resistor across pin #10 of IC1C and negative supply.
Warning! The circuit is connected to 230Vac mains, so some parts in the circuit board are subjected to lethal potential! Avoid touching the circuit when plugged in and enclose it in a plastic box.
